PENERAPAN TERAPI OKUPASI MENGGAMBAR TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MENGONTROL HALUSINASI

Abstrak

Latar Belakang: Halusinasi merupakan salah satu gejala positif skizofrenia yang sering muncul dan dapat mengganggu fungsi kognitif, emosi, serta perilaku pasien. Salah satu upaya nonfarmakologis untuk mengontrol halusinasi adalah terapi okupasi menggambar. Aktivitas menggambar memberikan kesempatan kepada pasien untuk mengekspresikan emosi, meningkatkan fokus, serta menurunkan respon terhadap stimulus halusinatf. Tujuan: Mengetahui efektivitas terapi okupasi menggambar dalam meningkatkan kemampuan mengontrol halusinasi pada pasien gangguan jiwa di ruang UPIP Kresna RSJD Dr. Amino Gondohutomo Semarang.. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus terhadap tiga pasien dengan diagnosis gangguan persepsi sensori: halusinasi pendengaran. Intervensi dilakukan selama tiga hari dengan durasi 20–45 menit setiap sesi. Pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi, serta lembar penilaian kemampuan mengontrol halusinasi.. Hasil: Sebelum intervensi, seluruh responden berada pada tingkat halusinasi sedang hingga meningkat. Setelah intervensi terapi menggambar dilakukan selama tiga hari, ketiga responden menunjukkan penurunan intensitas halusinasi (100%). Pasien mampu menggunakan strategi mengontrol halusinasi berupa menghardik, bercakap-cakap, meminum obat teratur, dan melakukan aktivitas terjadwal. Kesimpulan: Terapi okupasi menggambar terbukti efektif dalam menurunkan tingkat halusinasi dan meningkatkan kemampuan kontrol diri pasien. Aktivitas ini dapat dijadikan intervensi nonfarmakologis pendukung dalam asuhan keperawatan jiwa.

Background: Hallucinations are one of the positive symptoms of schizophrenia that frequently occur and can disrupt patients' cognitive, emotional, and behavioral functions. One of the non-pharmacological interventions that can help control hallucinations is occupational drawing therapy. Drawing activities allow patients to express emotions, improve focus, and reduce responses to hallucinatory stimuli. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of drawing occupational therapy in improving the ability to control hallucinations in psychiatric patients in the UPIP Kresna Ward at RSJD Dr. Amino Gondohutomo Semarang. Method This study used a descriptive qualitative method with a case study approach involving three patients diagnosed with sensory perception disturbance: auditory hallucinations. The intervention was carried out for three days, with each session lasting 20–45 minutes. Data were collected through interviews, observations, documentation, and assessment sheets measuring the patients’ ability to control hallucinations. Results: Before the intervention, all respondents experienced moderate to increased levels of hallucinations. After three drawing therapy sessions, all three respondents showed a decrease in hallucination intensity (100%) and were able to apply hallucination-control strategies such as commanding the hallucination to stop, talking to others, taking medication regularly, and engaging in scheduled activities. Conclusion: Drawing occupational therapy is effective in reducing hallucination intensity and improving patients’ self-control abilities. This activity can be used as a supportive non-pharmacological intervention in psychiatric nursing care.