STUDI KUALITATIF TENTANG PERILAKU MEROKOK STAF TERHADAP PENERAPAN KEBIJAKAN KAWASAN TANPA ROKOK (KTR) DI PDAM TIRTA BULIAN KOTA TEBING TINGGI

Abstrak

Perilaku merokok di tempat kerja masih menjadi tantangan dalam penerapan Kebijakan Kawasan Tanpa Rokok (KTR) di PDAM Tirta Bulian Kota Tebing Tinggi. Meskipun kebijakan KTR telah diterapkan, masih ditemukan staf yang merokok di lingkungan kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui secara mendalam perilaku merokok staf terhadap penerapan kebijakan KTR di PDAM Tirta Bulian Kota Tebing Tinggi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Informan dipilih secara purposive, terdiri dari kasubag, staf perokok, staf tidak merokok, Direktur, dan Satuan Pengawas Internal (SPI). Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar staf mengetahui dan mendukung penerapan KTR karena manfaatnya bagi kesehatan dan kenyamanan lingkungan kerja. Namun, kepatuhan belum optimal karena dipengaruhi kebiasaan merokok, pengaruh lingkungan kerja, belum tersedianya area khusus merokok, serta pengawasan dan penerapan sanksi yang belum optimal. Sebagian staf telah mengubah perilaku dengan merokok di luar ruangan dan mengurangi frekuensi merokok, tetapi pelanggaran masih ditemukan ketika pengawasan tidak konsisten. Penerapan KTR perlu diperkuat melalui sosialisasi, pengawasan berkelanjutan, penyediaan sarana pendukung, dan penegakan aturan secara konsisten.

Smoking behavior in the workplace remains a challenge in the implementation of the Smoke-Free Area (SFA) Policy at PDAM Tirta Bulian, Tebing Tinggi City. Although the SFA Policy has been implemented, some staff members are still found smoking in the workplace. This study aimed to explore staff smoking behavior toward the implementation of the SFA Policy at PDAM Tirta Bulian, Tebing Tinggi City. This study used a descriptive qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. Informants were selected purposively and consisted of Subdivision Head, smoking staff, non-smoking staff, the Director, and the Internal Supervisory Unit (SPI). Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. The results showed that most staff were aware of and supported the implementation of the SFA Policy because of its benefits for health and workplace comfort. However, compliance was not optimal due to smoking habits, workplace environmental influences, the absence of a designated smoking area, and suboptimal supervision and enforcement of sanctions. Some staff had changed their behavior by smoking outdoors and reducing smoking frequency, but violations were still found when supervision was inconsistent. The implementation of the SFA Policy needs to be strengthened through socialization, continuous supervision, supporting facilities, and consistent enforcement of regulations.